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The site was nearly 200 miles (14 days by raft[56]) upstream from the mouth of the Ogoou at Port Gentil (Cape Lopez) (and so accessible to external communications), but downstream of most tributaries, so that internal communications within Gabon converged towards Lambarn. We must make atonement for the still worse ones, which we do not read about in the papers, crimes that are shrouded in the silence of the jungle night Schweitzer was nonetheless still sometimes accused of being paternalistic in his attitude towards Africans. Albert Schweitzer 30. His father, a Lutheran pastor, moved the family to a nearby town, Gunsbach, which was situated in the foothills the Vosges mountain range. O'Brian returned to the United States and founded the Hugh O'Brian Youth Leadership Foundation (HOBY). She Lambarene, on the Ogooue River a few miles from the Equator, is in the steaming jungle. He was genuinely proud of his medical and missionary station at Lambarene. Also, he is famous for being a music scholar and an organist. Hailed as an outstanding world figure, Schweitzer was. Meantime, as these beliefs were maturing in Schweitzer's mind, he continued his student life at Strasbourg and fixed with great precision the course of his future. This image has not been destroyed from outside; it has fallen to pieces[37], Instead of these liberal and romantic views, Schweitzer wrote that Jesus and his followers expected the imminent end of the world.[38]. Albert Schweitzer's engagement with Judaism, and with the Jewish community more generally, has never been the subject of substantive discussion. In those years he completed his doctoral thesis in philosophy, a study of Imanuel Kant's views on religion; studied the organ, again with Widor in Paris; won his doctorate in theology; was ordained a curate; taught theology and became principal of A jungle saint he may not have been; a jungle pioneer he surely was. He maintained, instead, that man must rationally formulate an ethical creed and then strive to put it into practice. He was elected to the French Academy in 1951. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan. His name and legacy continue to live on around the world. Philosopher and musician Dr. Albert Schweitzer, sitting at his desk in a London restaurant, around 1955. for the life of a physician in French Equatorial Africa. cit., Philips ABL 3134, issued September 1956. Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (); 14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath.He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. in 1913. Schweitzer claims that this form of mysticism is more intellectual and can be found "among the Brahmans and in the Buddha, in Platonism, in Stoicism, in Spinoza, Schopenhauer, and Hegel".[42]. The family and close friends were prepared for the end. Sir Donald Tovey dedicated his conjectural completion of Bach's The Art of Fugue to Schweitzer. At first, he regarded his new life as a renunciation of his art, and fell out of practice, but after some time he resolved to study and learn by heart the works of Bach, Mendelssohn, Widor, Csar Franck, and Max Reger systematically. Late in the third day of his journey he was on deck thinking and writing. Three more, to contain the Chorale Preludes with Schweitzer's analyses, were to be worked on in Africa, but these were never completed, perhaps because for him they were inseparable from his evolving theological thought.[27]. '"[72] In nature one form of life must always prey upon another. award rationale. Seek always to do some good, somewhere. (78rpm Columbia ROX 146152), cf. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life", which states that the only thing we are really sure of is that we live and want to go on living. He goes quietly, in peace and dignity. Though he took theology at university, studying at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universitt in Strasbourg and at the Sorbonne in Paris before publishing his PhD thesis - on The Religious Philosophy of Kant - at the University of Tbingen in 1899, he first found acclaim as a scholar of music. And now, when you speak about missions, let this be your message: We must make atonement for all the terrible crimes we read of in the newspapers. Although thousands of Africans called him "le grand docteur," others plastered his village with signs, "Schweitzer, Go Home! To the end, his one frustration was that he had not succeeded in convincing the world to abolish nuclear weapons. "No doubt a wish to have absolute dominion over his hospital drove him to this course, linked with the inner purpose which had brought him to Africa, but it was nonetheless heroic. These records did not satisfy him, the instrument being too harsh. As he said at age 40, he "was not going to speak or talk any longer." He and his wife (they were German citizens) were interned as prisoners of war for four months, then released to continue the work of the hospital. Schweitzer's accomplishments are recognized even by his most caustic critics. [4][5] He spent his childhood in Gunsbach, also in Alsace, where his father, the local Lutheran-Evangelical pastor of the EPCAAL, taught him how to play music. On Good Friday of 1913, the couple set sail, at their own expense, from Bordeaux to Africa. Starting from its principle, founded on world and life denial, of abstention from action, ancient Indian thought and this is a period when in other respects ethics have not progressed very far reaches the tremendous discovery that ethics know no bounds. dispensary were complete when he departed for Europe in midsummer 1927. the neighboring village of Gunsbach amid the foothills of the Vosges. Online Kentucky Death Indexes, Death Certificates and Vital Records Indexes. As Schweitzer recounted this climactic incident, he had been baffled in getting an answer to the question: Is it at all possible to find a real and permanent foundation in thought for a theory of the universe that shall be both ethical and affirmative concerts on the organ, conducted a heavy correspondence and examined Pauline ideas, especially that of dying and being born again "in Jesus Christ." In 1906, he published Geschichte der Leben-Jesu-Forschung [History of Life-of-Jesus research]. . Having circulated a questionnaire among players and organ-builders in several European countries, he produced a very considered report. On one of these occasions, in 1949, he visited The name of Jesus has become a curse, and our Christianityyours and minehas become a falsehood and a disgrace, if the crimes are not atoned for in the very place where they were instigated. chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. In line with the 20th century he sought to put religion on a rational footing and to accept the advances of science; . We really seem to see before us what the philosophy of all ages conceives as the fundamental mystery of things--that True to his pledge, Schweitzer turned from music and theology to service to others. Dr. Albert Schweitzer who renounced fame and fortune as a musician 43 years ago - and who is on a visit to London - went to the Royal festival Hall yesterday - where he tried out the festival organ which he said ''She is magnificent - she is beautiful''. In Reverence for Life, he concluded, "knowledge passes The Schweitzers had their own bungalow and employed as their assistant Joseph, a French-speaking Galoa[clarification needed] (Mpongwe), who first came to Lambarn as a patient.[57][58]. What It Does For over 60 years, HAS has helped develop a local health system in the rural Artibonite Valley of central Haiti. Life becomes harder for us when we live for others, but it also becomes richer and happier. Schweitzer wrote, "True philosophy must start from the most immediate and comprehensive fact of consciousness, and this may be formulated as follows: 'I am life which wills to live, and I exist in the midst of life which wills to live. A judge ordered his release Tuesday after hours of expert testimony on new evidence showing Schweitzer wasn't responsible for the death of Ireland, 23, a tourist from Virginia. . Franco-German yet cosmopolitan in culture, he drew deeply from the music and philosophy of the 18th century, especially Bach, Goethe and Kant. Schweitzer's arrival at this decision was calculated, a step in a quest for a faith to live by. Now, without context, it seems that Albert Schweitzer rejects the whole project of historical Jesus research. He was the son of Louis Schweitzer and Adle Schillinger. Albert Schweitzer. Schweitzer considered his work as a medical missionary in Africa to be his response to Jesus' call to become "fishers of men". But this time he had also studied the organ briefly in Paris under the legendary Charles Marie Widor, who was so impressed with music. Albert Schweitzer. On December 10, 1953 . He had originally conducted trials for recordings for HMV on the organ of the old Queen's Hall in London. An ethical human strives to escape from this contradiction so far as possible. Lambarene was suffused with Reverence for Life to what some critics thought was an exaggerated degree. In the following year he became provisional Principal of the Theological College of Saint Thomas, from which he had just graduated, and in 1903 his appointment was made permanent. Ever the autodidact, during this period Albert also served as curate for the church Saint-Nicolas in Strasbourg. Today ASF helps large numbers of young Americans in health-related professional fields find or create "their own Lambarn" in the US or internationally. Life and love are rooted in this same principle, in a personal spiritual relationship to the universe. Albert Schweitzer - At times our own light goes out and is. On the other hand, patients received splendid medical care and few seemed to suffer greatly from the compound's lack of polish. His philosophy was expressed in many ways, but most famously in founding and sustaining the Hpital Albert Schweitzer in Lambarn, French Equatorial Africa (now Gabon). Additionally, he argues that this view of a "union with the divinity, brought about by efficacious ceremonies, is found even in quite primitive religions". The laying down of the commandment to not kill and to not damage is one of the greatest events in the spiritual history of mankind. yet he was a foe to materialism and to the century's criteria for personal success. On Good Friday, 1913, the couple set sail from Bordeaux for Africa, where Schweitzer established a hospital on the grounds of the Lambarene station of the Paris Missionary Society. its creature comforts yet rejecting its complacent attitudes toward progress. The years thinned and grayed his hair (without making R.D. "[40], In The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle, Schweitzer first distinguishes between two categories of mysticism: primitive and developed. On one occasion a group of tourists pulled him away from the dinner table to get an explanation of his ethics. Schweitzer's only daughter, Mrs. Rhena Eckert, will be its administrator. the United States and lectured on Goethe at a conference in Aspen, Colo. Birthplace: Kaysersberg, Germany Location of death: Lambarn, Gabon Cause of death: Natural Causes Remains: Buried, Albert. He had barely started to clear the jungle when World War I broke out. barred him from preaching at the station, but agreed to accept his medical skills. His Interpreters," published in English in 1912. Schweitzer developed a technique for recording the performances of Bach's music. Schweitzer concluded his treatment of Jesus with what has been called the most famous words of twentieth-century theology: "He comes to us as One unknown, without a name, as of old, by the lake-side, He came to those men who knew him not. He refused to attend a committee to inquire into his doctrine, but met each committee member personally and was at last accepted. [18] He and Widor collaborated on a new edition of Bach's organ works, with detailed analysis of each work in three languages (English, French, German). There was great demand for a German edition, but, instead of translating it, he decided to rewrite it. Until his death in 1965, Schweitzer continued to publish, lecture, perform and care for the sick. He thought that Western civilization was decaying because it had abandoned affirmation of life as its ethical foundation. [41], On the other hand, a more developed form of mysticism can be found in the Greek mystery-cults that were popular in first-century A.D. society. He is suffering from a heart ailment. For Schweitzer, mankind had to accept that objective reality is ethically neutral. East European Jewish Immigrants and the New York City Epidemics of 1892, When Germs Travel: Six Major Epidemics That Have Invaded America Since 1900 and the Fears They Have Unleashed and An Anatomy of Addiction: Sigmund Freud, William Halsted, and the Miracle Drug Cocaine., Left: that the work of Bach owes its greatness.". In a sermon that he preached on 6 January 1905, before he had told anyone of his plans to dedicate the rest of his life to work as a physician in Africa, he said:[64]. Schweitzer's book (and other writings as well) disputed the theory that human progress toward civilization was inevitable. Thousands flocked there, and thousands responded to Schweitzer's Among children 1-59 months of age, ALRI was present in 51% of the deaths, and enteric diseases in 30%. While he was on his sickbed, his terminally ill son cared for him despite battling a diagnosis that claimed his life a year later. Yet, he has achieved more than seemed possible under adverse conditions. (Louis Albert Schweitzer, born Kaysersberg, 14 January 1875), death data in margin (4 September 1965, Lambarn), no time of birth recorded. Schweitzer's pedal piano was still in use at Lambarn in 1946. Success is not the key to happiness. There were no significant differences in all-cause and cardiovascular death, stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events. [9] In 1893, he played for the French organist Charles-Marie Widor (at Saint-Sulpice, Paris), for whom Johann Sebastian Bach's organ music contained a mystic sense of the eternal. in Greek, chapters that contain Jesus' injunctions to His apostles, among them the one that commands, "Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have [46] After baptism, Christians are continually renewed throughout their lifetimes due to participation in the dying and rising with Christ (most notably through the Sacraments). The compound was staffed by 3 unpaid physicians, 7 nurses and 13 volunteer helpers. Train yourself never to put off the word or action for the expression of gratitude." ~ Albert Schweitzer. E.M.G., op. received, "freely give"; and the verse that urges men, "Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me; for I am meek and lowly in heart; and ye shall find rest unto your souls.". It resulted in a book, "Paul and [6] The tiny village would become home to the Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer (AIAS). Albert Schweitzer born The theologian, musician, philosopher and Nobel Prize-winning physician Albert Schweitzer is born on January 14, 1875 in Upper-Alsace, Germany (now Haut-Rhin, France).. Trensz conducted experiments showing that the non-amoebic strain of dysentery was caused by a paracholera vibrion (facultative anaerobic bacteria). At the age of 30, in 1905, Schweitzer answered the call of The Society of the Evangelist Missions of Paris, which was looking for a physician. There he studied theology, philology, and the theory of music. '"[67] Chinua Achebe has criticized him for this characterization, though Achebe acknowledges that Schweitzer's use of the word "brother" at all was, for a European of the early 20th century, an unusual expression of human solidarity between Europeans and Africans. Three years after the end of World War II, in 1948, he returned for the first time to Europe and kept travelling back and forth (and once to the US) as long as he was able. Albert Schweitzer was born in a small town in France in 1875 and he passed away in Gabon, Africa in 1965 after a rich and illustrious career. He disagreed sharply with Aristotle's view that man's knowledge of right and wrong would surely lead him to make And the Christianity of our states is blasphemed and made a mockery before those poor people. Dr. Howard Markel writes a monthly column for the PBS NewsHour, highlighting the anniversary of a momentous event that continues to shape modern medicine. Albert Schweitzer's Death - Cause and Date Born (Birthday) Jan 14, 1875 Death Date September 4, 1965 Age of Death 90 years Cause of Death Natural Causes Profession Doctor The doctor Albert Schweitzer died at the age of 90. for him in the ditches beside the wards. One of them, Gerald McKnight, wrote in his book "Verdiot on Schweitzer": "The temptation for Schweitzer to see Lambarene as a place cut off from the world, in which he can preserve "its original forms and so reject any theory of treatment or life other than his brought to a halt lest nests of ants be killed or disturbed. At the time of Dr. Schweitzers death, at age 90 in 1965, the compound comprised 70 buildings, 350 beds and a leper colony for 200. And to those who obey Him, whether they be wise or simple, He will reveal Himself in the toils, the conflicts, the sufferings which they shall pass through in His fellowship, and as an ineffable mystery, they shall learn in their own experience Who He is. Among his many charitable works, Dr. Schweitzer founded a hospital in Lambarn, which was situated in what was then known as French Equatorial Africa, and is today the capital of the province of Moyen-Ogoou in the nation of Gabon. Here he often met with the elderly Aristide Cavaill-Coll. Biography - A Short Wiki If all this oppression and all this sin and shame are perpetrated under the eye of the German God, or the American God, or the British God, and if our states do not feel obliged first to lay aside their claim to be 'Christian'then the name of Jesus is blasphemed and made a mockery. [17], In 1905, Schweitzer began his study of medicine at the University of Strasbourg, culminating in the degree of M.D. [10], From 1893 Schweitzer studied Protestant theology at the Kaiser Wilhelm University in Strasbourg. [63] Schweitzer eventually emended and complicated this notion with his later statement that "The time for speaking of older and younger brothers has passed". [1] It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. Edgar Berman quotes Schweitzer as having said in 1960, "No society can go from the primeval directly to an industrial state without losing the leavening that time and an agricultural period allow. He studied organ in Mulhouse from 1885 to 1893 with Eugne Munch, organist at the Protestant cathedral, who inspired Schweitzer with his enthusiasm for the music of German composer Richard Wagner. Schweitzer was one of colonialism's harshest critics. original contribution of Reverence for Life as an effective basis for a civilized world. Here is all you want to know, and more! Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. But no such meaning was found, and the rational, life-affirming optimism of the Age of Enlightenment began to evaporate. Csar Franck: Organ Chorales, no. "You must give some time to your fellow man," Schweitzer counseled in paraphrase. He will end by destroying the earth. These synthetic vaccines in themselves cause cancers as other pharmaceutical products based on the chemical nature of the medicine which largely acts as a suppressor of symptoms masquerading as a cure. This was no sooner under way than Schweitzer fell ill, an epidemic of dysentery broke out and a famine set in. [90] Stamos noted that Schweitzer held the view that evolution ingrained humans with an instinct for meat so it was useless in trying to deny it. Under this title the book became famous in the English-speaking world. He had little but contempt for the nationalist movement, for his attitudes were firmly grounded in J. S. Bach: Passacaglia in C minor, BWV 582; Prelude and Fugue in E minor, BWV 533; Prelude and Fugue in A minor, BWV 543; Prelude and Fugue in G major, BWV 541; Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565. This decision, protested vigorously by his friends, was, like so many others in his life, the product of religious meditation. His death, political upheavals leading to Gabon's independence in 1960, decreasing foreign . up a ceaseless study of music. Known as the "Schweitzer Technique", it is a slight improvement on what is commonly known as mid-side. But how are we of the post-colonial age to understand a man who was born in 1875 and saw the world very differently from the way we do? On an afternoon, Schweitzer could often be seen leaving his home to slip over [41] Primitive mysticism "has not yet risen to a conception of the universal, and is still confined to naive views of earthly and super-earthly, temporal and eternal". Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images, In 1905, he decided to take up a call from the Society of Evangelist Missions of Paris to become a physician and help them advance their cause and work. There he also received instruction in piano and counterpoint from professor Gustav Jacobsthal, and associated closely with Ernest Munch, the brother of his former teacher, organist of St William church, who was also a passionate admirer of J. S. Bach's music. Darrell. He received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life",[3] becoming the eighth Frenchman to be awarded that prize. Dr. Howard Markel. "From whatever direction he is considered, Bach is, then, the last word in an artistic evolution which was prepared in the Middle Ages, freed and activated by the Reformation and arrives at its "[66] Schweitzer believed dignity and respect must be extended to blacks, while also sometimes characterizing them as children. Albert Schweitzer. Albert Schweitzer Occupation: Doctor Place Of Birth: France Date Of Birth: January14, 1875 Date Of Death: September 4, 1965 Cause Of Death: N/A Ethnicity: White Nationality: French Albert Schweitzer was born on the 14th of January, 1875. During 1934 and 1935 he resided in Britain, delivering the Gifford Lectures at Edinburgh University, and those on Religion in Modern Civilization at Oxford and London. Schweitzer maintained, nonetheless, that Jesus' concepts were eternal. Whatever Schweitzer's idiosyncrasies, he constructed a profound and enduring ethical system expressed in the principle Ehrfurcht vor dem Leben or Reverence of Life. His life was portrayed in the 1952 movie Il est minuit, Docteur Schweitzer, starring Pierre Fresnay as Albert Schweitzer and Jeanne Moreau as his nurse Marie. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. Schweitzer also studied piano under Isidor Philipp, head of the piano department at the Paris Conservatory. Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1952,[79] accepting the prize with the speech, "The Problem of Peace". It is a historical review of ethical thought leading to his own Albert Schweitzer was born on January 14, 1875, in Kaysersberg, near Strasbourg, Elsass-Lothringen, Germany (now in Alsace, France). But Schweitzer rejected such adulation; he held that his own spiritual life was its own reward and that works redeemed him. Albert Schweitzer, circa 1960 in Lambarn, Gabon, where he established a hospital. Attending the University of Strasbourg, he served as curate at St. Nicholas, gave 106 likes. bare.". His father and both grandfathers were pastors and organists. [55] In early 1913, he and his wife set off to establish a hospital (the Hpital Albert Schweitzer) near an existing mission post. Advertisement. "In your commitment to truth and service," the President cabled, "you have touched and deepened the live of millions you have never met. In 1917, the Schweitzers were returned to France and later to Alsace. A scholar herself, she became a trained nurse in order to share her husband's life in Africa. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan and the author ofThe Secret of Life: Rosalind Franklin, James Watson, Francis Crick and the Discovery of DNAs Double Helix (W.W. Norton, September 21). Albert Schweitzer. He had scratched it out from the jungle beginning in 1913; he had designed it; Name in native language. Bartolf, Christian; Gericke, Marion; Miething, Dominique (2020): This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 08:10. Albert Schweitzer, the son of an Evangelical Lutheran minister, was born on . . " At that point in life where your talent meets the needs of the world, that is where God wants you to be. Scholfield found a time of 11:06am (no source given) in "In aller Welt . He began to play the church organ at 8, when his feet barely reached the pedals. One of his pupils was conductor and composer Hans Mnch. Christ-mysticism holds the field until God-mysticism becomes possible, which is in the near future. As recognition for his many years of humanitarian work he was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in 1952 and in 1955, Queen Elizabeth II conferred on him Great Britain's highest civilian award, the Order of Merit. Dramatisations of Schweitzer's life include: Paul's "realism" versus Hellenistic "symbolism", Schweitzer's Bach recordings are usually identified with reference to the Peters Edition of the Organ-works in 9 volumes, edited by. At the age of 18 he entered the University of [69] By comparison, his English contemporary Albert Ruskin Cook in Uganda had been training nurses and midwives since the 1910s, and had published a manual of midwifery in the local language of Luganda. For him it had profound religious implications. [89] In contrast to this, historian David N. Stamos has written that Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his personal life nor imposed it on his missionary hospital but he did help animals and was opposed to hunting. On departure for Lambarn in 1913, he was presented with a pedal piano, a piano with pedal attachments to operate like an organ pedal-keyboard. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was a brilliant philosopher, physician, musician, clergyman and theological scholar. He summarized it once by saying: "A man is ethical only when life, as such, is sacred to him, that of plants and animals as that of his fellow men, and when he devotes himself helpfully to all life that is in need of help. The soul is a burning desire to breathe in this world of light and never to lose it--to remain children of light.". Much of the building work was carried out with the help of local people and patients. For example, he once said, The African is indeed my brother, but my junior brother. On other occasions, he opined, I let the Africans pick all the fruit they want. side by side! 1924 In 1924 he returned to his hospital in Lambarene, which was to be restored after years of decay during his absence. He established a hospital and treated the natives there. the faculty at Strasbourg; wrote "The Mystery of the Kingdom of God"; and, at Widor's urging, completed a study of the life and art of Johann Sebastian Bach. at the drop of a cause. Schweitzer was not only struck by the application of these verses to himself, but even more by the over-all content of the two chapters as expressed in Jesus' assertion that "the kingdom of heaven is at hand." '", "The iron door has yielded," he went on, "the path in the thicket had become visible. Of course, it had no telephone, radio or airstrip. Among the neonatal deaths, 27% occurred on the first day of life, and 80% occurred during the first 10 days of life.

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