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All elevator hoistways must be equipped with a sump pit located at the rear of the elevator pit. In order to aid enforcement, the panel additionally required marking the available fault current at the elevator controller. If the disconnecting means is an integral part of the motor controller, it is to be operable without requiring opening of the enclosure. It is important for the design engineer to coordinate with the architect to determine the elevator manufacturer basis of design to determine if and when additional power and lighting is required. You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. The electrical energy does not traverse the human body, but proximity to the explosion means severe injury is possible from the intense heat and concussive shockwave. Guarding: Where possible, install temporary guarding to protect from inadvertent contact. Flexible cords and cables in lengths not to exceed 6 ft. of a flame-retardant type and located to be protected from physical damage are permitted in machine rooms without being installed in a raceway. or larger, not over 6 ft. in length. Marking the available short-circuit (fault) current on the controller by the equipment installer. Nevertheless, the primary NEC focus is on elevators, and the intention is to mitigate the hazards associated with the use of electricity. (A) tells us that the lighting and receptacle (s) for the pit must be on separate circuits. Shi Liguang, Yao Lianghong, Luo Zhiqun and Wan Jianru, Constructional Stretch and Hoist-Rope Tension . It is noted that the article covers the installation of electrical equipment and wiring for elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, platform lifts and stairway chairlifts. A traction elevator's equipment room is typically located at the top of the building, directly over or adjacent to the shaft. Additionally, duty on elevator and dumbwaiter motors is rated as intermittent, whereas duty on escalator and moving-walk motors is considered continuous. (g) Stop Switch in Pits. Metal grating shall be installed over the hole that sits flush with the pit floor. It is further stressed that no provision is to be made to open or close the disconnecting means from any other part of the premises. Finally, typical installations and compliance with all these requirements will be discussed. If a smoke detector goes into alarm, it signals the elevator to go into Fire Recall Function, at which point the controller directs the elevator cab to travel to its pre-programmed designated landing, open its doors, and remain stopped there until the alarm clears. Additional requirements concern escape routes. Hydraulic elevators are typically more cost effective and used for buildings up to 5-6 stories. Hoistway pit lighting and receptacles 5. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a2fbe9ebd7e2fe8 Corporate Office !>x=yy Bvv8?~e PK ! Electricity is often one of the initial services to fail during a storm. The hazards are external to the equipment enclosure since equipment SCCR testing and evaluation criteria for product standards are most often performed with the enclosure doors closed and latched, and the fault occurring external to the enclosure. Beginning with Article 320, Armored Cable (Type AC) and concluding with Article 398, Open Wiring on Insulators, each code-sanctioned cable and raceway is treated, ranging from the familiar Type NM (trade name Romex) to the exotic Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (Type IGS). wide or the width of the equipment, whichever is greater. A surge of immigration to the U.S., the end of slavery and, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, a burgeoning industrial revolution ignited an acceleration in new building. Such design innovations require sophisticated wiring strategies. (A) Separate Branch Circuit. Even though Edison grasped the basic ideas of fusing and overcurrent protection, many hazards remained. For example, wiring that is under exclusive utility control and has to do with the generation and distribution of electrical power is not NEC regulated. APPENDIX A 2.2. The disconnecting means must disconnect the elevator from the emergency, standby and normal power systems. This is somewhat broader than A17.1-2007/B44-07. This switch will ensure that the elevator won't descend into the elevator pit and allow maintenance people to work safely in the area beneath the cab. After such an event, it is important that the affected worker is able to escape the area and get to help. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Part IX, Grounding, states that metal raceways, Type MC cable, Type MI cable or Type AC cable attached to elevator cars are to be bonded to metal parts of the car bonded to the equipment grounding conductor. above the pit floor, shall: Be weatherproof (NEMA 4). (e) Pit Maintenance. Follow the manufacturers instructions and precautions. For instance, a typical elevator controller may traditionally have SCCR ratings from 5 to 10 kA. The vast majority of equipment serving the elevator is located within this room (i.e., elevator controller). If you can illuminate the pit using lights that are "above the top of the pit" (whatever that . Firefighters can then use portable telephone handsets in combination with the jacks and cabling. The electrical conductors and equipment for non-mine elevators that extend below grade are under NEC jurisdiction. Specifically, Section 725.43 provides that overcurrent protection for conductors 14 AWG and larger is to be provided in accordance with the conductor ampacity without applying ampacity adjustment and correction factors. Part III, Wiring, looks at the types of wiring that may be installed in hoistways, cars, machine rooms and related spaces. When you consider that an elevator is an enclosed room with one or more doors that people voluntarily enter so they may travel hundreds of feet up or down, several observations are in order. No provision is to be made to automatically restore power. These may include: The author would like to recognize Jonathan Kennedy for his assistance in creating this article. In contrast to the lighting, these receptacles must be connected to GFCI devices. Home Articles Elevator World April 2012 Issue NEC Article 620: Elevators, Part I. The same figure applies to nonmetallic wireways. The pump sends hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the cylinder, buried deep below the elevator shaft. of the sprinkler heads. Hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. Next, with multiple elevator banks, the controller will usually allow only one elevator at a time to operate, reducing the amount of emergency power required. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Feeders may be installed within the hoistway where the elevator has a driving-machine motor in the hoistway or on the car or counterweight. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. So, we see that for elevator work, greater fill is allowed. For current-limiting fuses, the information to achieve selective coordination has been available for many years in fuse amp ratio tabular form. A further requirement concerns elevator-car air-conditioning and heating. 354 Morgan Ave. 6 Stop Switch in Pits There shall be installed in the pit of each elevator an ASME A17.1 CODE enclosed stop switch or switches meeting the requirements The following material is reprinted with permission from the American of 2.26.2.7 and 2.2.6.1 through 2.2.6.3. If the smoke detector at the designated landing goes into alarm, the elevator will stop at a predetermined alternate floor, which is usually the floor above the designated floor. Here are 23 ways that both chapters and the national office can meet todays major challenge of making members feel valued, IAEIs Online Training allows you to learn at your own pace or live with an expert instructor, from the comfort of your laptop or PC. The light switch in the pit must be mounted 42 in. Use the below learning-reinforcement questions to study for the Continuing Education Assessment Exam available online at www.elevatorbooks.com or on page 81 of this issue. Which equipment requires a separate branch circuit in the elevator car? Is lighting required to be GFCI protected in the machine room? Where is the lighting switch to be located in the machine room? What is the maximum raceway conductor fill in an elevator hoistway? How many disconnecting means are required for an elevator power supply? This lighting and receptacle circuit is separate from the circuit serving the motor. The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. U.S. Latham, NY Shopping Miscellaneous Retail Stores, NEC Wheelchair lifts EazyLift Elevators, . Many professionals believe the NEC is applicable only for voltages over a certain level, but that is not the case. Upon loss of power, the rescuvator controls the cab, lowers it to the designated floor, and opens its doors. These are: remote machine room and control room (for elevator and dumbwaiter), and remote machinery space and control space (for elevator and dumbwaiter). Corporate Office Fuses: Verify that the correct size, type and capacity are installed. NFPA 72 requires the control circuit between the Fire Alarm System and the shunt trip be monitored for integrity. ), a duplex 15A 120-volt receptacle in pit with ground- fault circuit protection and a 15A 120-volt Non GFCI receptacle for the sump pump. Hydraulic elevators comprise a hydraulic reservoir, pump, cylinder, and controller. Utility-owned electrical structures not directly concerned with electrical generation, transmission and distribution are NEC regulated. Many of these are for portable lighting.). z, /|f\Z?6!Y_o]A PK ! Traveling cables are to be approved for hazardous locations and must comply with the appropriate sections for each hazardous-location class that covers use of flexible cords. 68 | WWW.ELEVATORWORLD.COM | June 2012 Continuing Education . He is saying that each pit requires a separate circuit, in other words "dedicated". Generally, it is decreed that the supply voltage is not to exceed 300 V between conductors (allowing for the familiar 240-V concept), although there are exceptions. The 12 definitions provided in NEC 2011, Section 620.2 are the place to start for guidance in this area, and the sections that follow lay out implementation guidelines that are very relevant in todays environment. (Cross-sectional areas of conductors are given in Chapter 9, Tables 5 through 8. The various items to consider and check when designing for elevator installations have many potential pitfalls. The branch circuit is to be protected by an overcurrent device located in the machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. All rights reserved. These are the principle NEC 2011 Article 620 mandates. If the entire feeder/branch circuit assembly were to be protected in the conventional manner, the motor would cut out long before reaching operating speed. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. This is typically accomplished via a shunt trip device. Other building loads, such as power and lighting, may function as the energy absorbing means, provided these loads are automatically connected to the emergency or standby power system operating the elevators and large enough to absorb the regenerative power. This, however, can result in a dramatic increase in cost, space availability (lack thereof), and reduced efficiency. Supports for cables or raceways in a hoistway or in an escalator or moving-walk wellway or platform lift and stairway chairlift runway must be securely fastened to the guide rail, escalator or moving-walk truss, or to the hoistway, wellway or runway construction. It is conditionally provided that fiber-optic cables and conductors for operating devices, operation and motion control, power, signaling, fire alarm, lighting, heating and air-conditioning circuits of 600 V or less are permitted to be run in the same traveling cable or raceway system. Additional branch circuits are to supply other utilization equipment not covered above. . +90 (216) 348 4876, India Office +91 8025357028, 2022 Elevator World, LLC. Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted to be installed without a raceway. It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. This device must be either a fused disconnect or a circuit breaker because ANSI/ASME A17.1 requires you to install an additional overcurrent protection device (OCPD) in the elevator equipment room. In these installations, it is best to design the elevator controller so the elevator controller SCCR is adequate for the available fault current. In addition, the shunt-trip voltage must also be monitored by the Fire Alarm System. The fire loading resulting from an accumulation of abandoned low-voltage cabling may be considerable, and has to be understood and dealt with. It is further specified the machine-room lighting switch be located at the point of entry. The lighting is not to be connected to a GFCI, because the elevator car is not a place that should experience nuisance tripping. This equipment is restricted to that used in connection with the specific elevator, dumbwaiter, escalator, moving walk, platform lift or stairway chairlift. Pits shall be maintained in a clean and dry condition. This clear working space must be 30 in. My reasoning comes from 620.24 (A) and (C). Working spaces for electrical equipment that may have to be examined, adjusted, serviced or maintained is required in all occupancies in an earlier NEC section, 110.26(A). Hoistway door interlock wiring from the riser must be flame retardant and have insulation suitable for a temperature not less than 200C (392F), much higher than that required for most raceway or cable applications. (To design and install an elevator for a Class I, Division 1 location would be quite an undertaking.). First, the traveling cable must be composed of very fine-stranded conductors so it can flex with a minimum of internal stresses, ensuring long service life and reliability. It need not be exactly centered on the equipment, and working spaces of adjacent pieces of equipment may overlap. As they review the plans and the construction site, they may have conflicting interpretations or requirements. Described below are several work practices that may be used to reduce arc-flash hazards when working on energized equipment: David Herres holds a New Hampshire Master Electricians license and has worked as an electrician in the northern part of that state for many years. -inch conduit is needed to the sump pump. Part VII, Overcurrent Protection, divides this topic into four categories for elevators and similar equipment, depending upon the nature of the specific equipment: For operating devices and control and signaling circuits, protection against overcurrent is in accordance with the requirements of Sections 725.43 and 725.45. NEC 2011 also addresses branch circuits for machine room or control room/machinery space or control-space lighting and receptacles. The disconnecting means is also to be a listed device. Notice the definition mentions the full range of operating times. The party responsible for procuring the elevator control panel must state the minimum acceptable SCCR or the maximum available fault current where the controller will be installed. The drain or sump pump discharge shall be into the sanitary or storm drainage system through an indirect waste connection. Depending on your local codes, you can do this by installing heat or smoke detectors within 24 in. The basic idea is that there must be a separate, dedicated circuit for car lights, receptacles and ventilation on each car. We resume with a look at wiring methods, overcurrent protection, grounding and other NEC provisions as they relate to these installations. Per the 2017 NEC, if the elevator is designated as an emergency system load, the disconnect must be protected by a surge protective device (SPD). GET YOUR CEUS TODAY, 1998-2021. While the definitions are straightforward, their deployment in real-life building projects involves enormous legal and moral implications, given the fact that we are carrying large numbers of people hundreds of feet above the earths surface on a daily basis. Motor controllers are permitted outside the spaces specified above. For elevators with battery lowering systems, an additional contact must be supplied and wired to disable the battery lowering system when the elevator disconnect is manually operated for maintenance. All rights reserved. Mobile, AL 36606 USA Building codes were deemed necessary to protect the public against shoddy builders and outmoded construction techniques. The locking capability is important so during maintenance, the equipment will not be inadvertently energized. Section 620.43, Location of and Protection for Cables, provides that traveling cable supports are to be located so as to reduce the possibility of damage due to the cables coming in contact with the hoistway construction or equipment in the hoistway to a minimum. The elevator pit discharge system is not required to include an oil separator, except as required by section 1003.4. 2. Lights and convenience outlets in elevator pits shall be installed to comply with the requirements of CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620. Finally, in 1897, the first National Electrical Code (NEC) appeared. The Code provides guidance through regulations to establish requirements. An example would be the elevator, as well as all wiring in a utility-owned administration building. +1-251-479-4514 | [emailprotected], Trkiye Office They are to be located so as to be protected from physical damage, are to be of a flame-retardant type, and must be part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake. Get more of Elevator World. In addition, requirements for selective coordination and shunt tripping should be complied with as needed for the installation. Later in the 19th century, Thomas Edison and his associates built an electrical distribution system in Lower Manhattan. Where voltages exceed 600, a sign reading DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE is required. +91 8025357028, 2022 Elevator World, LLC. Marking the elevator controller short-circuit current rating (SCCR) by the elevator controller manufacturer. The basic requirement is for minimum clear distances of various depths for equipment operating at 600 V or less, nominal, depending upon voltage to ground and lateral distance to insulated or grounded surfaces or exposed live parts (not an issue in elevator machine rooms). As greater numbers of elevators are added, the likelihood of them all operating simultaneously decreases so that it is permissible to reduce the feeder ampacity. Receptacle for pumps located in the pit shall be a single non-GFCI and shall be located 6 inches above the lowest landing. Click to reveal The most complex of these is the elevator. Other codes and standards interact with the NEC, and it is necessary to see how they all work together in order to create safe and compliant elevator designs/installations. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. Good documentation is of key importance to recalling what decisions were made and why. In elevators provided with Firefighters' Emergency Operation, a drain or sump pump shall be provided. David Herres holds a New Hampshire Master Electricians license and has worked as an electrician in the northern part of that state for many years. The elevator controller manufacturer must determine the required elevator controller SCCR as stated in the elevator controller specification and provide an elevator controller SCCR that is equal to or greater than the available fault current thats indicated in the design documents where there are multiple elevator controllers at different locations.

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